How to Metal Welding Works

Ultrasonic energy has been employed for metal joining for many years. In this process, known as ultrasonic metal welding, different types of metals are fused without the need for external heat or electrical currents flowing through the materials.

This method allows ultrasonic energy to penetrate surface contaminants and form a strong, clean bond, enhancing both the quality and precision of the weld. During welding, one component remains fixed while the other is pressed under a rapidly vibrating horn. This vibration causes the materials to soften into a plastic-like state, enabling their molecules to intermingle and create a solid bond.

Conversion Sequence

The ultrasonic welding process transforms electrical energy into mechanical vibrations that enable the metals to bond. In the ultrasonic stack, the converter channels this energy through the booster, causing the horn to vibrate. The converter consists of piezoelectric ceramic disks that expand and contract in sync with the frequency of the applied electrical energy. The booster then adjusts the amplitude of the vibrations, increasing or decreasing it as needed to match the material, size, and type of the assembly.

Applications